What do people want? Services like voice and video–the Internet delivers them only slightly faster than snailmail. To provide this, the Nextnet–actually, it’s unnamed so far, but Giganet and MBone and National Information Infrastructure (NII) are in the running, and you can guess which snappy label is the government’s–would have info pipelines whose bandwidth swamps today’s standard phone lines. One contender, the Gigabit Testbed Initiative, envisions billion-bit-per-second wires. Ways to connect and manage such capacity are now being tested at five sites across the country. Or the signals could be carried by phone lines or TV cables. But there’s a dark horse. Utilities are thinking of installing “information pipes” into homes to carry electronic signals that would control peak power demand (users wouldn’t notice the slight brownouts). “They might just as well put in high-capacity telecommunications fiber, because they could charge for services on it,” says Cerf
High voice-data-video capacity needs smart technology to route it. The Multicast Backbone, or MBone, is software that now routes videoconferences over the Internet (though you need powerful workstations to make it work). Upgraded, it could carry video signals to simple PCs, explains co-inventor Steve Deering of Xerox Palo Alto Research Center. A system of electronic switches called Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) already runs a few local networks, and routes data faster and with less loss of integrity than on most of the Internet. “The big question is whether ATM will replace the Internet,” says Richard Binder, who is working on the gigabit network project.
With such agile software, the Nextnet could offer better hypertext links to tame the chaos of the World Wide Web, and download video and software long before flying toasters arrive.
The Clinton administration, which wants to make the Infobahn accessible to everyone, calls its vision of the wired future the National Information Infrastructure. Spearheaded by the Commerce Department, this “network of networks” is already forming. Some of the 92 projects that received $67 million in NII grants last October establish the kind of local networks that, linked nationally, begin to look like a Nextnet. An Alaska network will connect 81 percent of the population; an Iowa project already links government agencies, schools and libraries with optical fiber (NEWSWEEK, Dec. 19,1994); 30 “freenets” will provide free Internet access but could also be the backbone of its successor. Expect wireless hookups, says Cerf, with signals bouncing from transmitters like cell-phone relays. Or, tomorrow’s “information appliance” could be a TV, computer and phone all in one. Even cheaper, a device similar to an adaptor could feed Nextnet data into a regular TV No telling what you can net with forethought.
